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Note identifier · Reference entry

What chord is C–D–E–G?

The notes C, D, E, and G spell C Add 9 (Cadd9) — C the root, E the 3rd, G the 5th, and D the 9th.

Ranked readings

Every chord these notes can spell, most complete first. The bass note anchors the root-position reading; each candidate maps every note to its scale degree.

C Add 9Cadd9Confident

Every tone of Cadd9 is present, with C in the bass — the definitive reading.

DegreeNoteIn this set
1Csounding
3Esounding
5Gsounding
9Dsounding
E Minor 7♯5Em7♯5Confident

All tones of Em7♯5 are present; the B♯ note is lowest (2nd inversion).

DegreeNoteIn this set
1Esounding
♭3Gsounding
♯5B♯sounding
♭7Dsounding
A Minor 11thAm11Partial

♭3, 5th, ♭7, and 11th of Am11 sound; it reads as Am11 with the A (1) and B (9) omitted.

DegreeNoteIn this set
1Aomitted
♭3Csounding
5Esounding
♭7Gsounding
9Bomitted
11Dsounding
D 9sus4D9sus4Likely

root, 4th, ♭7, and 9th of D9sus4 sound; it reads as D9sus4 with the A (5) omitted.

DegreeNoteIn this set
1Dsounding
4Gsounding
5Aomitted
♭7Csounding
9Esounding

Not these chords

Names these notes are often mistaken for. Each is ruled out because a defining tone of that chord is missing — the note that would make the name true simply is not being played.

Not C6/9

Not C6/9: a major 6/9 C chord needs A as its 6th — A is absent.

Not C9

Not C9: a dominant 9th C chord needs B♭ as its ♭7 — B♭ is absent.

Not Cmaj9

Not Cmaj9: a major 9th C chord needs B as its 7th — B is absent.

Not Em7♭5

Not Em7♭5: a half diminished E chord needs B♭ as its ♭5 — B♭ is absent.

Not Eaug7

Not Eaug7: a augmented 7th E chord needs G♯ as its 3rd — G♯ is absent.

How these notes relate

C, D, E, and G is a voicing of Am11 with the A (root) and B (9th) left out.

The same notes over E in the bass spell Em7♯5.

Add A (its 6th) and the set reads as C6/9.

Set-class analysis

The pitch-class set theory identity of these notes — order- and key-independent, computed from the set itself.

Pitch-class set
{0, 2, 4, 7}
Normal order
[0,2,4,7]
Prime form
[0,2,4,7]
Interval vector
<021120>
Forte set class
4-22

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