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Note identifier · Reference entry

What chord is C–D–F–A?

The notes C, D, F, and A spell F Major 6 (F6) (2nd inversion) — F the root, A the 3rd, C the 5th, and D the 6th.

Ranked readings

Every chord these notes can spell, most complete first. The bass note anchors the root-position reading; each candidate maps every note to its scale degree.

F Major 6F6Confident

All tones of F6 are present; the C note is lowest (2nd inversion).

DegreeNoteIn this set
1Fsounding
3Asounding
5Csounding
6Dsounding
D Minor 7thDm7Confident

All tones of Dm7 are present; the C note is lowest (3rd inversion).

DegreeNoteIn this set
1Dsounding
♭3Fsounding
5Asounding
♭7Csounding
B♭ Major 9thB♭maj9Likely

3rd, 5th, 7th, and 9th of B♭maj9 sound; it reads as B♭maj9 with the B♭ (1) omitted.

DegreeNoteIn this set
1B♭omitted
3Dsounding
5Fsounding
7Asounding
9Csounding
G 9sus4G9sus4Likely

4th, 5th, ♭7, and 9th of G9sus4 sound; it reads as G9sus4 with the G (1) omitted.

DegreeNoteIn this set
1Gomitted
4Csounding
5Dsounding
♭7Fsounding
9Asounding

Not these chords

Names these notes are often mistaken for. Each is ruled out because a defining tone of that chord is missing — the note that would make the name true simply is not being played.

Not F6/9

Not F6/9: a major 6/9 F chord needs G as its 9th — G is absent.

Not Dm9

Not Dm9: a minor 9th D chord needs E as its 9th — E is absent.

Not D7♯9

Not D7♯9: a dominant 7th ♯9 D chord needs F♯ as its 3rd — F♯ is absent.

Not Dm7♭5

Not Dm7♭5: a half diminished D chord needs A♭ as its ♭5 — A♭ is absent.

Not Am7♯5

Not Am7♯5: a minor 7♯5 A chord needs G as its ♭7 — G is absent.

How these notes relate

C, D, F, and A is a voicing of B♭maj9 with the B♭ (root) left out.

The same notes over D in the bass spell Dm7.

Add G (its 9th) and the set reads as F6/9.

Set-class analysis

The pitch-class set theory identity of these notes — order- and key-independent, computed from the set itself.

Pitch-class set
{0, 2, 5, 9}
Normal order
[9,0,2,5]
Prime form
[0,3,5,8]
Interval vector
<012120>
Forte set class
4-26

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