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A piano reference: chords, scales, theory. Full MIDI.

A♯ Diminished

Notes: A♯ - C♯ - E | Degrees: 1 - ♭3 - ♭5 | Written: A♯dim, A♯°

Construction: Root, Minor 3rd, Diminished 5th

It is built by stacking two minor thirds (3 semitones each), giving it a tense, unstable, and dissonant character

Fingering: RH 2-3-5, LH 5-3-2

Inversions: Root A♯dim - 1st A♯dim/C♯ - 2nd A♯dim/E

B♭ Diminished
This is the same chord as B♭ Diminished: the same keys on the keyboard, spelled with flats.
Related boards
A♯dim6 st, 83.0 mmRoot position, figured bass 5/3

A♯3, C♯4, E4

Fingerings

Root position: either hand, fingers low note to high
HandNotesFingers
RightA♯, C♯, E1-3-5
LeftA♯, C♯, E5-3-1

Close-position standard fingering: either hand takes the whole shape. Thumb is 1, little finger is 5.

A♯ Diminished: notes and degrees

A♯dim contains A♯, C♯ and E. Two stacked minor thirds.

Scale degree, note, and interval measured from the root.
DegreeNoteInterval from rootSemitones
1A♯Perfect unison0
♭3C♯Minor third3
♭5ETritone6

A♯ and C♯ are black keys; E is white.

Construction

A♯ Diminished = Root + Minor 3rd + Diminished 5th = A♯, C♯, E
NoteIntervalDegree
A♯Root1
C♯Minor 3rd♭3
EDiminished 5th♭5

Fingering

NoteKey colorRight handLeft hand
A♯blackthumb (1)little finger (5)
C♯blackmiddle finger (3)middle finger (3)
Ewhitelittle finger (5)thumb (1)

Right hand: thumb (1) on A♯, middle finger (3) on C♯, little finger (5) on E.

Left hand: little finger (5) on A♯, middle finger (3) on C♯, thumb (1) on E.

A♯ Diminished Inversions

  • Root position
    A♯ – C♯ – E
  • 1st inversion (A♯dim/C♯)
    C♯ – E – A♯
  • 2nd inversion (A♯dim/E)
    E – A♯ – C♯

Key Signature

A Diminished chord is built from symmetrical or ambiguous intervals, so it doesn't belong to a single key and has no key signature of its own.

Chords in the Key of A♯ Major

These are the triads built on each degree of A♯ Major:

C1C2C3C4C5C♯♯E♯C6C7C8A♯
IA♯ Major (major)
DegreeNumeralChordQuality
1IA♯ MajorMajor
2iiB♯ MinorMinor
3iiiC♯♯ MinorMinor
4IVD♯ MajorMajor
5VE♯ MajorMajor
6viF♯♯ MinorMinor
7vii°G♯♯ DiminishedDiminished

How A♯ Diminished functions in a key

The same chord takes on a different harmonic role depending on the key it appears in. Here is where A♯ Diminished sits diatonically across the common keys:

  • In B major, A♯ Diminished is the vii° chordthe dominant.
  • In G♯ minor, A♯ Diminished is the ii° chorda predominant.

Scales That Include the A♯ Diminished

A♯ Diminished : Frequently Asked Questions

What notes are in A♯dim?
A♯dim contains A♯, C♯ and E. The formula is 1, ♭3, ♭5.
How do you play A♯dim on piano?
Play A♯, C♯ and E together. Right hand fingers 1, 3, 5; left hand 5, 3, 1. A♯ and C♯ are black keys; E is white.
What are the inversions of A♯dim?
3 positions: root position A♯ C♯ E, A♯dim/C♯, A♯dim/E.
What keys contain A♯dim?
2: ii° in G♯ minor, vii° in B major.
What is the difference between A♯dim and A♯m7♭5?
Adds G♯. 3 of the notes are shared.
What is an easy A♯dim for small hands?
The root and third only voicing, A♯3 C♯4, spans 3 semitones or about 41 mm.
What are the frequencies of A♯dim?
From A♯3 at A440 in 12-TET: 233.08, 277.18, 329.63 Hz.
What is the set class of A♯dim?
Prime form (036), Forte 3-10, interval vector <002001>.
How do I transpose A♯dim to another key?
Keep the 1, ♭3, ♭5 formula on the new root. Cdim is C, E♭, G♭; C♯dim is C♯, E, G.
Is B♭dim the same as A♯dim?
Enharmonically yes: the same piano keys and the same sound, spelled differently.

A♯ Diminished in detail

Exact

Every pitch class is present and nothing outside the chord is added.

TypeNotesSemitonesSpanOmissions and additionsSet relationFit
Close, root positionA♯3 C♯4 E4683 mmnoneidentical
Close, first inversionC♯4 E4 A♯49124 mmnoneidentical
Close, second inversionE4 A♯4 C♯59124 mmnoneidentical
Open, fifth on topA♯2 E3 C♯415206 mmnoneidentical

Reduced

A subset of the pitch classes: the identity is incomplete rather than altered.

TypeNotesSemitonesSpanOmissions and additionsSet relationFit
Root and third onlyA♯3 C♯4341 mmomits Esubset

Spans are measured centre to centre at a 165 mm octave (standard keyboard geometry).

Which keys it belongs to

KeyRoman numeralFunction
G♯ minorii°Predominant
B majorvii°Dominant function

Classification system: common-practice functional harmony.

Change one note

Chords a single note away, and what moving that note does.

ChordChangeFormulaCommon tones
A♯m7♭5adds G♯1 ♭3 ♭5 ♭73
A♯dim7adds G1 ♭3 ♭5 ♭♭73
A♯mE becomes E♯1 ♭3 52
A♯m7E becomes E♯, G♯1 ♭3 5 ♭72
A♯mMaj7E becomes E♯, G×1 ♭3 5 72
A♯m6E becomes E♯, F×1 ♭3 5 62
A♯C♯, E becomes C×, E♯1 3 51
A♯augC♯, E becomes C×, E×1 3 ♯51
A♯sus2C♯, E becomes B♯, E♯1 2 51
A♯sus4C♯, E becomes D♯, E♯1 4 51

Frequencies

NoteMIDIFrequency
A♯358233.08 Hz
C♯461277.18 Hz
E464329.63 Hz

Reference pitch A440, 12-TET, close root position.

Set theory: prime form, Forte number, interval vector
Absolute pitch class set
{10, 1, 4}
Normal order
[10, 1, 4]
Prime form
(036)
Forte number
3-10
Interval vector
<002001>
PairIntervalSemitonesInterval class
A♯ to C♯Minor third33
A♯ to ETritone66
C♯ to EMinor third33

Where these facts come from

Every value on this page is derived from the note formula for a diminished applied to the root A♯, using standard music theory. Nothing here is hand-entered per chord, so the notes, intervals, inversions and frequencies cannot drift out of agreement with each other. Pitches assume 12-TET at A440.

References and further reading

The visible claims on this chord page are grounded in these verified sources.

  1. 1. Salomon Jadassohn (1883)

    A Manual of Harmony

    Public domain treatise
  2. 2. Percy Goetschius (1889)

    The Material Used in Musical Composition

    Public domain treatise
  3. 3. Ebenezer Prout (1889)

    Harmony: Its Theory and Practice

    Public domain treatise
  4. 4. piano.org

    piano.org chord note dataset: 43 chord types × 18 keys, derived from interval construction rules

    Primary data