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Chord Progressions

Sad Progressions

Progressions that ache · i · VI · III · VII

Sad chord progressions lean on minor tonics, descending bass lines, and borrowed chords to create longing; the Aeolian i-VI-III-VII loop and the descending lament bass are the two most recognizable shapes.

Editorial content for this topic is in progress. The interactive player and pattern data are live below.

Hear the pattern

Interactive player — try the progression in any of the 18 keys, switch modes, and adjust tempo to find the feel you want.

Version
Notation
C1C2C3CGC5C6C7C8D#
iCm
70 BPM
Root-position blocks move in leaps. Voice leading holds the common tones and steps the rest —

Toggle voice leading in the player to hear it smooth out, or learn voice leading →

Formulai · VI · III · VII
FunctionSee "About" below for harmonic role.
Soundits wistful, downcast pull
Common in"Mad World" by Gary Jules · "Hurt" by Nine Inch Nails · "Hallelujah" by Leonard Cohen
Famous"Mad World" by Gary Jules · "Hurt" by Nine Inch Nails · "Hallelujah" by Leonard Cohen

The dusk violet and ash palette on this page is inspired by music-color synesthesia, sad progressions maps to dusk violet and ash, reflecting its wistful, downcast pull.

About Sad Progressions

Sad chord progressions lean on minor tonics, descending bass lines, and borrowed chords to create longing; the Aeolian i-VI-III-VII loop and the descending lament bass are the two most recognizable shapes.

Variations

Variation

Another way the pattern shows up in real music.

Version
Notation
C1C2C3CGC5C6C7C8D#
iCm
90 BPM
Root-position blocks move in leaps. Voice leading holds the common tones and steps the rest —

Variation

Another way the pattern shows up in real music.

Version
Notation
C1C2C3CGC5C6C7C8D#
iCm
95 BPM
Root-position blocks move in leaps. Voice leading holds the common tones and steps the rest —

Variation

Another way the pattern shows up in real music.

Version
Notation
C1C2C3C4ACEC6C7C8
viAm
86 BPM
Root-position blocks move in leaps. Voice leading holds the common tones and steps the rest —

Famous songs & pieces

  • "Mad World" by Gary Jules
  • "Hurt" by Nine Inch Nails
  • "Hallelujah" by Leonard Cohen

Frequently asked questions

What is a sad progressions progression?
Sad chord progressions lean on minor tonics, descending bass lines, and borrowed chords to create longing; the Aeolian i-VI-III-VII loop and the descending lament bass are the two most recognizable shapes.
How do I use this on the piano?
Start with the player above in C. Once the pattern is in your ear, transpose to the keys you actually play in. The Roman numerals stay the same; only the chord names change.
Build your own progressionOpen the Chord Progression Generator: pick a key, follow the weighted arrows of what usually comes next, hear it play, and link straight to each chord.Generate your own →

Related topics

standard
Minor Progressions
The harmony of minor keys
device
Descending Bass Lines
The lament, the line cliché, and the Pachelbel descent
genre
Flamenco Progressions
The Andalusian cadence and Phrygian dominant