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Beginner Roadmap

What order to learn chord progressions

A structured ten-step sequence — from three-chord folk songs to bebop reharmonization.

Most people learning chord progressions get lost in the same way: they encounter a list of named patterns (Axis, Pachelbel, ii–V–I, doo-wop, blues, Andalusian) with no indication of which to learn first. The list below is a structured sequence — each step builds on the previous one, and skipping ahead means trying to play something whose underlying motion you have not yet absorbed.

Spend at least a week on each step. Play the progression in three or four keys before moving on. By the end of step 5 you will be able to play most folk, country, and pop songs by ear. By step 7 you can join a blues jam. By step 10 you have the vocabulary to understand any jazz standard.

How to use this page: press play on each interactive widget to hear the progression, then change the key to hear it transposed. The Roman numerals stay constant — only the chord names change. Each step links to its dedicated lesson with deeper coverage, more examples, and variation patterns.

1

I – IV – V — the three-chord skeleton

Why now: Three chords cover thousands of folk, country, blues, and early rock songs. Master this and you can already play recognizable music.

Three chords in three functions: tonic (home), subdominant (away), dominant (pulling back home). Start in C major (C – F – G – C), then transpose to G, then D. The shape stays the same; only the chord names change.

C
D
E
F
G
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
A
B
IC
90 BPM
Full lesson →
2

V → I — the Perfect Authentic Cadence

Why now: The strongest "we have arrived" sound in tonal music. Every song you know ends on some version of this motion.

Two chords. V pulls toward I; I resolves. Learning to hear this resolution is the foundation of every other progression on this list. Practice in C, then G, then F major.

C
D
E
F
G
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
A
B
VG
80 BPM
Full lesson →
3

Add the vi → I – V – vi – IV (the Axis)

Why now: Adding the minor vi to your three-chord vocabulary gives you the most-played four-chord progression in modern pop music.

"Let It Be", "No Woman No Cry", "Don't Stop Believin'", and hundreds of other hits all use this loop. The vi is the relative minor — it darkens the loop without leaving the key.

C
D
E
F
G
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
A
B
IC
96 BPM
Full lesson →
4

I – vi – IV – V — the 50s doo-wop

Why now: Same four chords as the Axis, reordered. Once you have both progressions in your fingers, you have covered most of pop and ballad music.

The doo-wop saves the V for last, which gives the loop a steadier rocking feel suited to slow-dance ballads. "Stand By Me", "Earth Angel", "Blue Moon", "Heart and Soul".

C
D
E
F
G
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
A
B
IC
75 BPM
Full lesson →
5

The PAC, plagal, half, and deceptive cadences

Why now: Cadences are the punctuation marks of music. Knowing four or five of them lets you end a phrase exactly the way you mean to.

Perfect Authentic (V → I), Plagal (IV → I, the "Amen"), Half (ends on V), and Deceptive (V → vi, sets up the listener and swerves). The Deceptive Cadence above is the surprise — V wants I, but you give it vi instead.

C
D
E
F
G
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
A
B
VG
80 BPM
Full lesson →
6

ii – V – I — the jazz workhorse

Why now: The single most common progression in jazz. If you ever want to play standards or improvise over changes, this is the building block.

Three four-note seventh chords: ii7 (predominant), V7 (dominant), Imaj7 (tonic). In C major: Dm7 – G7 – Cmaj7. Practice cycling through all 12 keys around the cycle of fourths.

C
D
E
F
G
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
A
B
ii7Dm7
100 BPM
Full lesson →
7

The 12-bar blues

Why now: A self-contained 12-bar form that underpins jazz, R&B, rock and roll, and most American popular music after 1940.

Three dominant-seventh chords (I7, IV7, V7) arranged in a 12-bar form. Master one key (start with C), then move through F, B♭, E♭, and around the cycle. Twelve-bar blues sessions are the standard jam-session format.

C
D
E
F
G
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
A
B
I7C7
100 BPM
Full lesson →
8

Modal interchange — borrowing ♭VII, ♭VI, ♭III

Why now: Borrowing chords from the parallel minor key gives you the bluesy, classic-rock sound. ♭VII especially is everywhere in rock.

In C major, ♭VII is B♭ — a chord borrowed from C Mixolydian (or C minor). "Sweet Home Alabama", "Sympathy for the Devil", and most Rolling Stones tunes use this exact move. Try I – ♭VII – IV – I in C: C – B♭ – F – C.

C
D
E
F
G
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
A
B
IC
100 BPM
Full lesson →
9

Secondary dominants — V/V, V/vi, V/ii

Why now: Secondary dominants let you briefly visit other keys without modulating. The first chromatic move you should add to your vocabulary.

V/V is "the dominant of the dominant" — the V7 chord built on the fifth of the V chord. In C major, V is G; the V of G is D7. So I – V/V – V – I in C becomes C – D7 – G – C. The D7 is borrowed from G major to temporarily tonicize G.

C
D
E
F
G
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
A
B
IC
90 BPM
Full lesson →
10

Tritone substitution

Why now: The signature jazz reharmonization. Replace V7 with ♭II7 and the bass moves chromatically down to I.

In C major, V7 is G7 and ♭II7 is D♭7. Both chords share the same tritone (F and B/C♭). Substituting D♭7 for G7 produces a chromatic descending bass line that lands on Cmaj7 — a hallmark sound of bebop and modern jazz.

C
D
E
F
G
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
A
B
ii7Dm7
100 BPM
Full lesson →

After the ten steps — where to go next

Once you have these ten progressions in your hands across multiple keys, the rest of the chord-progressions material on the site becomes a buffet rather than a curriculum. Pick whichever genre or device sounds most interesting:

Flamenco
The Andalusian cadence and Phrygian dominant.
Modal progressions
Dorian, Mixolydian, Phrygian, Lydian.
Turnarounds
The two bars that cycle a form back to the top.
Descending bass lines
Laments, Pachelbel descents, line clichés.
Pedal points
Sustained tones under moving harmony.
One-chord vamps
When the groove IS the progression.
Folk progressions
Three-chord songs and modal folk.
Pop progressions
The full family of pop four-chord shapes.

Frequently asked questions

How long does it take to get through all ten steps?
A motivated beginner can work through steps 1–5 in about four to six weeks of daily practice (twenty minutes a day). Steps 6–10 require more: the ii–V–I in twelve keys is months of work, and tritone substitution assumes you can already navigate jazz changes fluently. Most students stop somewhere between step 5 and step 7 and that is fine — you can play most popular music with what you have at step 5.
Do I need to learn all 12 keys at each step?
For the first five steps, three or four keys is enough. Pick C, G, D, and F major — those four cover most pop and folk songs. For step 6 onward (jazz progressions), yes, all twelve keys eventually. Jazz standards modulate constantly and there is no shortcut around playing ii–V–I in every key.
Should I memorize the chord names or the Roman numerals?
Both, but the Roman numerals are the more important shortcut. Roman numerals describe the progression by function (tonic, dominant, etc.) so the same pattern transposes to any key. Chord names only describe the progression in one specific key. Pro musicians think in numerals and transpose on the fly.
What if I already know some chords — can I skip ahead?
You can skip a step if you can already play the progression cleanly in three or four keys. If you cannot, do not skip — the progressions later in the list depend on the harmonic motion the earlier ones teach. The ii–V–I in step 6 only makes sense if you already hear the V → I resolution from step 2.
Why is the 12-bar blues at step 7 and not earlier?
Because the 12-bar blues uses dominant-seventh chords on every degree (I7, IV7, V7) — a sound that breaks normal functional harmony rules. To hear what makes the blues sound like the blues, you first have to internalize what "normal" tonal resolution sounds like, which is what steps 1–5 build. Trying to learn blues first usually produces students who play the right chords without hearing the genre.
Where do songwriting and improvisation fit in?
You can start writing songs after step 3 — the Axis progression alone is enough harmonic vocabulary for a complete pop song. Improvisation requires being able to hear a progression in real time, which usually means at least through step 5. Jazz improvisation specifically requires step 6 and ideally step 10.