Aeolian Mode

6th Mode · = Natural Minor · W–H–W–W–H–W–W

The sixth mode of the major scale — identical to the natural minor scale. Aeolian is the foundation of minor-key music across rock, pop, classical, and film scoring, defined by its dark, melancholic, and emotionally rich character.

FormulaW–H–W–W–H–W–W
Scale degrees1–2–♭3–4–5–♭6–♭7
Characteristic noteMinor 6th (♭6) — distinguishes it from Dorian
SoundDark, sad, melancholic, heavy
Common inRock, pop ballads, classical, film scores, metal
Famous exampleStairway to Heaven — Led Zeppelin (A Aeolian)

The muted teals and greens palette on this page is inspired by music-color synesthesia — a neurological phenomenon where people perceive colors when hearing music. Synesthetes commonly associate Aeolian mode with muted teals and greens, reflecting its melancholic and expressive nature.

Aeolian mode in all 18 keys — click any card for full diagrams, fingerings, audio, and notation.

C Aeolian
C# Aeolian
Db Aeolian
D Aeolian
D# Aeolian
Eb Aeolian
E Aeolian
F Aeolian
F# Aeolian
Gb Aeolian
G Aeolian
G# Aeolian
Ab Aeolian
A Aeolian
A# Aeolian
Bb Aeolian
B Aeolian
Cb Aeolian

About the Aeolian Mode

The C Minor scale is a diatonic minor scale that consists of eight notes: C, D, Eb, F, G, Ab, and Bb (returning to C). It follows the minor scale step pattern of W-H-W-W-H-W-W and contains three flats. It is closely related to the C Minor chord. Like all minor scales, it has a darker, more emotional character widely used across classical, pop, and jazz music.
How Aeolian differs from Dorian

Only one note changes — the 6th degree is lowered by a half step compared to Dorian. This single alteration turns the bright major IV chord into a darker minor iv, and replaces the jazzy warmth of Dorian with the heavier, more melancholic character that defines natural minor.

About the Aeolian Mode

Aeolian mode — the natural minor scale — is the sixth mode of the major scale. It is the most common minor scale in Western music, producing the melancholic, expressive, and introspective sound associated with minor keys. Every minor key center in traditional harmony is based on the Aeolian mode.

Musical Characteristics

  • Natural minor quality — minor third, sixth, and seventh
  • Melancholic, expressive, and introspective
  • The foundation of all Western minor harmony
  • Works over minor chords and i–♭VII–♭VI progressions

Common Uses

  • Ballads and emotional pop songs
  • Classical compositions in minor keys
  • Rock and metal (dark, powerful passages)
  • Film scores for sad or dramatic scenes

Common Chord Progressions

Natural minor
i – ♭VII – ♭VI – ♭VII
Minor ballad
i – ♭VI – ♭III – ♭VII
Andalusian cadence
i – ♭VII – ♭VI – V

Famous Examples in Music

  • "Stairway to Heaven" — Led Zeppelin
  • "Hotel California" — Eagles
  • "Nothing Else Matters" — Metallica
  • "Mad World" — Tears for Fears